The counterweight is a weighted assembly that moves in the opposite direction to the elevator car within the shaft. Its primary purpose is to balance the weight of the empty car plus approximately 40–50% of the rated load, thereby reducing the motor torque and energy required to drive the elevator. The counterweight travels on its own guide rails and is connected to the car via the suspension ropes passing over the drive sheave. Proper counterweight balance is critical for energy efficiency and drive system longevity.